Pile-shell and process for forming concrete piles.



A. A.v RAYMOND. PILE SHELL AND PROCESS PCE ECEMINC CONCRETE PILES.

APPLICATION FILED .TUNE 21, 1907.

Patented Feb. 28, `1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. A. RAYMOND PILE SHELL AND PROCESS PoR EOEMING CONCRETE PILES Patented Feb. 28, 1911 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1907.

ILPRED A. EAYMONE, OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR To- RAYMOND CONCIu'rIIa. PILE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A COEPOEATION OE NEW JERSEY.

PILE-SHELL AND PROCESS POE POEMI'NG CONCRETE PILES.

Specication of Letters Patent.

' Patented Feb. 28, 1911'.

Application -led June 21, 1907. Serial No. 380,158.

.Vo all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED A. RAYMOND, I. citizen of the United States, residing at hicago, Cook county, Illinois, have inventd a certain new and useful Pile-Shell and rocess for Forming Concrete Piles, of vhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the art of formng concrete piles or the like to be used for foundationsfor buildings and other struc- :ures as well as wharves, piers and the like, rnd the same has for its object a new pro- :ess of forming piles and the provision of l new and useful pile shell which is particu- ,arly adapted for use in pile forming in ac- :Ordance with the general process set forth n my Letters Patent of the United States 57o. 589,026, dated August 31, 1897.

My new pile shell is used preferably in :onnection with such general process of pile forming and consequently the same is driven with a pile core as seen therein or as illus- :rated in my later United States Patent No. `777,351, dated December 13, 1904, but as will oe hereinafter made apparent, my new shell may be driven by zore, if so desired. l

The pile shell constitutes a temporary shell in the senselthat it is left temporarily in the ground and is employed as a mold for the concrete or other plastic filler, introduced therein and is then withdrawn in condition to be used over and over again. The pile shell is accordingly constructed in such manner that-this result may be accomplished and, as hereinafter described, the same is made in sections withdrawable sepa-- rately.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of a tapered pile and shell, illustrating conditions after the shell has been filled but before the same has been withdrawn; Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the shell and pile, illustrating conditions when one of the shell sections is partly withdrawn; Fig. 3 a cross-section of the shell itself, that is, without a on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1`; Fig. 4 a crosssection thereof with one section detached; Fig. 5 a longitudinal section of acylindrical 1 form of pile and shell; Fig. ,6 an elevation 1 of same parts showing one of the shellsections partly withdrawn; Fig. 7 a cross-section of a two-section form of shell; Fig. 8v

a cross-section of a square form of shell; Fig. 9 a cross-section Of a hexagonal form of shell, and Fig. 10 alongitudinal section of the lining cylinder at thetop of the shell.

It will vbe understood that my invention is applicable to bot-h forms of piles, that is, tapered and the straight as well as to different shapes thereof. For instance in Figs. 1 and Q- I have illustrated the tapered forni of pile and shell, and in Figs; 5 and 6 the straight form thereof. 'In Fig. 8 I have shown a form of shell square in section whereas the shells of the other figures are circular.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, the pile shell herein shown is made in sections of suitable material and of the desired length so that when assembled they form a mold for a tapered pile.V The shell is'sectioned longi-V tudinally into two or more sections, there being in the present instance three of these sections 1, and the same being arranged for Iinterlocking connection. To thisl end and as shown, the adjacent or meeting edges have tongue and groove connection, p the tongue being formed by the plate or strip 1 secured to and projecting beyond the edge of each section-.and the groove being formed by the plate or strip 1b secured to and projecting beyond theedge of each .plate as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. By these means the sections are kept in position until the shell has .been illedwith the suitable filler and are prevented from collapsing when the core is removed.

After theshell has been filled with the suitable filler, the shell is withdrawn section by section, leaving the filler in place. Any suitable means are employed to Withdraw the section, for instance, -some ofthe same apparatus used in idrawing and in practice the pile core shown at 2 is rested- 'upon a pressure plate 3 placed on the top of the concrete or filler, and the weight of such core as well as the hammer 4 is utilized to keep the pile in position duringthe operation of withdrawing the pile shell sections one at a time.

vFor the purpose of preventing the filler ner surface of which is cylindrical in shape,

the outer surface tapering to` conform to the inner surface of the shell. The pressure plate 3 ts easily within the lining cylinder 3*.. ris a further means of preventing the iller from flowing upward past the pres'- 'sure plate, the lower portion of the shell is.

by preference filled with soft concrete or filler, and the upper. portion with dryer concrete which will not be so readily squeezed upwardly around the pressure plate 3. The lining cylinder 3a may in fact be dispensed with undersome conditions, and the dierence in character of the layers of the liller serve alone to prevent the filler from flow'- ing up\A around the pressure plate. The weight of the pile core and the hammer thus resting upon the plate presses the filler in the space left` by the withdrawal of the shell and prevents a vacuum. If desired the pressure plate may be gently driven down bythe hammer to insure thus left by the withdrawal of the shell so tion .(Fig.,`8) types.

that, in every instance, the ller will come in close contact with the surrounding earth and thereby secure the greatestewedging and frictional resistance for the pile.

In this manner, I provide a simple and eiiicient temporary pile shell or covering adapted to be driven with or without a core, and arranged to be withdrawn in section. If a core is employed, the sections may be again attached thereto after withdrawal and redriven'as many times as desired.

As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the pile shell ma be cylindrical for the formation of suc shaped piles as distinguished from the tapering type. The pile shellN here shown is composed of straight sections 5 at whose lower end a shoe 5a may be located.

As hereinbefore suggested, the shell is:

divided into a plurality of sections, two. orl more, and while I have referred to the three section type of shell I have also illustrated the two section (Fig. 7 and the foursec- In Fig. 7 the two sections 6 have tongue and groove connection as shown although the'form of connection shown in Figs. 3 and 4 might be used. In Fig. 8 the/four section shell therein .shown is square in cross-section being, composed of the four sections 7 with tongue and groove connectionsat their corners. In Fig. 9 is shown a hexagonal form of shell comprising the six separately removable sections 8 having tongue and groove connection. v

I claim: l

1. A pile shell or covering tapering longitudinally from top to bottom, a lining cylinder therefor correspondingly tapered on the filling of the space its exterior surface and adapted to fit within said shelll at the top thereof and having a cylindrical bore, and a pressure plate or plunger movable in the bore of said lining cylinder. l

2. The process of forming piles of cony crete and the like which consists in driving simultaneously a pluralit of shell sections together constituting a pile shell or covering formed in longitudinal sections, filling the same with a filler to form the pile, and withdrawing the shell sections one at a time while exerting an independent stress pressing upon the top of the pile; substantially as described. i

3. The process of forming piles of concrete and the like which consists in driving simultaneously a plurality of shell sections together constituting a sectional pile shell or covering formed in vlongitudinal sections, filling the same with a plastic filler to forni the pile, and withdrawingthev shell sections one at a time while said filler is still in a plastic condition and while exerting an inependent stress pressing upon the top of the mass of filler; substantially as described.

4. The process of forming piles of concrete and the like which consists in driving a sectional pile shell or covering, filling the lower 'portion of the same with a soft filler and the top portion with a dryer filler,

said fillers forming the pile, pressing upon as described.

5. The process of forming piles of concrete which consists in driving a pile shell or covering, filling the lower portion of the same with a comparatively soft concrete and the top with a comparatively dry concrete, said concrete forming the pile,fpressing upon the top of the pile and .withdrawing the shell sections one at a time .substantially as described. f

6. lThe process of forming piles which consists in driving simultaneously a plurality of shell sections together constituting a pile shell formed in longitudinal sections, filling the same with a plastic filler, imposing pressure upon the top of such filler and by independent force withdrawing the shell sections one at,` a time while such pressure isap lied.

i). The process of forming concrete piles which consists in driving simultaneously a plurality'of shell sections together constituting a tapering Yshell formed in longitudif nal sections, illing-` the 'same .with a plastic iiller vto form the pile, and withdrawing the shell sections one ata time while exerting yan inde endent stress upon the top of the pile; su stantially as described.

8. The process of forming concrete pilesr which consists in driving simultaneously 'a pendent stress upon the top of the mass of plurality of shell sections together, eon'stifiller; substantially as described.

tutin a. ta erin shell formed in lonvitudinal sction lligng the same with a `astic ALFRED A RAYMOND' 5 ller to form the pile, and withdrawing the Witnesses: i

shell sections one `at a time while said filler ROBERT DOBBERMAN,

is still plastic and while exerting .an inde- LOUIS B.. ERWIN. 

